Essay about The Battle of Waterloo - 1151 Words

The Battle of Waterloo is one of the most famous battles in European history. The battle itself started when Napoleon escaped from Elba and returned to France. The battle was fought at Waterloo (Spielvogel 600). The battle was fought between the French army and their allied forces, which consisted of the Dutch, Prussians, Germans, Belgians, and British. Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was in control of the French Grande Armà ©e (The Battle of Waterloo 1). The Duke of Wellington, of Britain, and General Blà ¼cher from Prussia took control over the Allied Army (BBC 1). With shots being fired the afternoon of June 18, 1815 across the battlefield, The Battle of Waterloo had begun. â€Å"On 26th February 1815 Napoleon absconded from his exile on the island†¦show more content†¦The battle plan was to take an offensive attack on the Allied forces that were already in Belgium and completely destroy them (3). He figured the only way he could do this was to divide their army before they all came together as one large army. He wanted to force â€Å"Wellingtons army to retreat back to the Belgian coast in the west and the Prussians to retreat to the east† (BBC 3). He had to act with intention if he wanted his objective to go through. Moving quickly he mobilized his army to the French borders. With this fast action he was ready for battle June 15, 1815 as they were in motion towards Brussels (Creasy 360). To go through with his goal of separating Wellington and Blà ¼chers troops: Napoleon ordered Marshal Ney to advance on Quatre-Bras, a crossroads on the roads between Brussels and Charleroi and Nivelles and Namur. Allied Dutch-Belgium troops under Prince William of Orange were already positioned around the area and succeeded in holding off the French attack until reinforcements arrived (BBC 3). When Wellington heard that the French army was ready to attack the Prussians, â€Å"he sent forward a brigade to Quatre Bras, which is about halfway between Brussels and Charleroi, and ordered a general advance† (Historical Events 1). On the night of June 15, Wellington and a couple of his officers were at a ball held in Brussels when cannon shots were just loud enough to be heard faintly. Duke did not seemed threatened as he â€Å"was very cheerful andShow MoreRelatedComparing The Battle Of Waterloo And The Battle Of Agincourt Waterloo997 Words   |  4 Pagesvictory in battle. If warriors going into battle are not accurately trained in the practice of drill and discipline it can result in a mere senseless blood brawl ending with large amounts of casualties and grave losses. In the battle of Agincourt 1415 is was a battle between King Henry V of England whom wanted to reclaim lands both â€Å"won and lost during the previous century† from France which was under the rule of King Charles VI although the army outnumbered the English, it was in this battle the FrenchRead MoreThe Battles And Disadvantages Of The Battle Of Waterloo1471 Words   |  6 Pages3. The Battle of Waterloo The defeat of Napoleon during the Battle of Waterloo was the result of many disadvantages, such as weather, topography, and the arrival of Prussian reinforcements to aid the British army. Additionally, Napoleon left his best general, Davout, in Paris instead of using his expertise in battle, and instead, appointed inadequate generals, such as Michel Ney. 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The Sixth Coalition consisted of the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia and Prussia, who were recognized as the â€Å"Great Powers.† They created the Concert of Europe, a system that was designed to create a balance of power between its members, contain France following years of war, and to prevent the rise of another future tyrant such as Napoleon. On June 8, 1815, the German Confederation was createdRead MoreThe Battle Of Waterloo And Its Effect On Today s Artillery1482 Words   |  6 Pages The Battle of Waterloo and its Effect on Today’s Artillery SSG Aviles-Torres, SSG Blackburn, SSG Letalu, SSG Mageo, SSG Rodgers 13B40 001-18 Senior Leaders Course SFC Metz The Battle of Waterloo and its Effect on Today’s Artillery Napoleon Bonaparte, one of the world’s greatest military strategists, led the French at the Battle of Waterloo. During his time as a General, even in defeat, his tactics in the way he used artillery were beyond reproach. His successes and errors madeRead MoreBattle of Waterloo Research Paper1301 Words   |  6 PagesJessica Ferguson July 22nd,2012 The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie 1. What does Arnold mean when he says, â€Å"I think the world is a series of broken dams and floods and my cartoons are tiny little lifeboats.†? What Arnold meant by the above quote was that he sees the worlds as broken dams and floods that represent the death, chaos and poverty around him. Everything around him is broken and damaged like his glasses. At the age of fourteen he has already beenRead MoreThe Consequences of The Battle of Waterloo for Napoleon Bonapartes Reputation1373 Words   |  5 PagesThe Battle of Waterloo was a bloody and gruesome battle for everyone involved. Perhaps one of the worst consequences of the battle, however, was that it tarnished the reputation of Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon, who was at one time, regarded as a tactical genius and prodigy for his day, became the laughing stock of the world after a number of foolish military mistakes that probably would not have been made if the French forces been commanded by another military leader. Nevertheless, the Battle of Waterloo

Data Breach Research Papaer - 1455 Words

Secure or Breached? As technology is becoming more prevalent the manner in which we store information is changing. Gone are the days of information being stored into file cabinets. Instead information is stored in databases, a system of hard drives that stores information electronically normally accessible remotely. With this comes a rise in hackers and correspondingly a rise in security breaches, where hackers have access to sensitive information. Vulnerabilities are the root of all hacks. For businesses, they result in a decline in reliability. If an individual or a group wants to breach information, they will almost always find a way. With the increasing need for information databases, businesses have to weigh the risks of hacks. When†¦show more content†¦Identify theft is protected under the Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act but only discusses punishment of the violator. This is another law that does not clearly prohibit cybercrime. â€Å"It criminalizes identity theft and allo ws courts to assess the losses suffered by individual consumers† which does not specify the form in which identity theft must take place. Laws prohibiting and punishing cybercrimes are less effective when the root of the problem cannot be tracked. For as controversial as the topic is, there may not be laws in effect fully prohibiting cybercrimes to a full extent. Motives behind the hack Reasons behind a data breach are just as varied as the people who carry them out. Most hackers fall in one of three categories, white hat, black hat, and grey hat hackers. The white hat hacker is a person who hacks legally; no information is stolen or vulnerabilities exploited. Instead, white hat hackers are hired by companies to try and breach the security in place, they then inform said company of how they managed to bypass security masseurs in order to help patch exploits in the security. Then there is the black hat hackers, these hackers hack without permission for self-gain or for the challenge. They normally steal information like credit card numbers, social security numbers and addresses. Other times the will sell the nature of the exploit on the black market to the highest bidder. However, financial gain is not the only motivation

Human Resource Management Organizations Operating in Various Industri

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management for Organizations Operating in Various Industries. Answer: Introduction: The organizations operating in various industries are focusing a lot on increasing the productivity of the employees along with their employment satisfaction. So a number of organizations are providing a number of flexibilities to their employees in terms of work timing and workplace. The employees of a number of organizations are being provided with flexible working hours and options to work from home. There are a number of speculations being done around this topic of work flexibility and its effects on the productivity of the employees in an organization. The trend across the globe has definitely shifted to employment flexibility over money for the satisfaction from any employment. So work flexibility definitely leads to increase in the overall retention rates of the employees in the organization (Cooper, 2015). The flexibility of working from home along with the flexible working hours can also increase the productivity of the employees, when there are a number of policies and guid elines are set in place in order to utilize these facilities in an efficient way. The line managers in the organization should ensure the compliance to the policy of defining clear and concise goals for the employees by adhering to the S.M.A.R.T criteria. The line managers should also ensure that the performance of the employees are monitored based on these goals and the rewards or recognitions are provided to the employees according to their performance against these goals. This in turn allows the employees to increase their productivity even when working from home or working in a flexible work timing (Skinner, 2014). References Cooper, R. and Baird, M., 2015. Bringing the right to request flexible working arrangements to life: from policies to practices. Employee Relations, 37(5), pp.568-581. Skinner, N.J. and Pocock, B., 2014. The persistent challenge: Living, working and caring in Australia in 2014 (Doctoral dissertation, Centre for Work and Life, University of South Australia).

Siddhartha Enlightenment Essay Example For Students

Siddhartha Enlightenment Essay Siddhartha Siddhartha takes place in India probably around 570-480B.C. or 470-380B.C.There is two possibilities when this story takes place, because the date of the Buddha has two theories.Normally, Siddahartha is the name of Buddha but in this story, Siddahartha and Buddha is a different person.Siddahartha was a Brahmins son.He was very intelligent and thirsty for knowledge.Everybody was delighted and made happy by him.Because of that, he was loved by everybody. Although, he wasnt happy.His intellect wasnt satisfied, and he thought he couldnt find complete peace in himself if he stayed as a Brahmin.So after being permitted by his father, he joins the Samanas with his close friend Govinda, who was also a Brahmins son.Siddhartha made one goal, to become empty of thirst, desire, pleasure and sorrow.He wanted to let the Self die. From the Samanas, he learned many ways of losing the Self, but every time he couldnt completely flee from it.He always came back to the Self in the end.He wonders if he came nearer to his goal. Govinda, one day said that he wanted to go and listen to the Buddhas teachings with Siddhartha.Buddha had a lot of names like Gotama, the Illustrious one, the Sakyamuni, and he was rumored that he was perfect.Siddhartha agrees with Govinda so they started on a journey to hear the Buddhas teaching. After they heard the Buddhas teachings, Govinda becomes his follower, but Siddhartha doesnt.Siddhartha and Govinda said goodbye to each other.Siddhartha learned that even from the perfect one, the teachings wouldnt teach him, so he decides to be taught by nobody.He realizes that he was trying to lose the Self because he was afraid of it.From here,he starts to learn from himself. After a few days, he reaches a large town, and there he sees a beautiful woman carried in a sedan chair, go into the grove followed by her servants.Her name was Kamala, and she was rich, beautiful, and clever.Siddhartha wanted her to teach him about love, but she says that he has to be rich if he wanted her to teach him that.So he becomes a merchant and because he can think, wait, and fast, he soon become rich.He was at first having a fun time being rich and learning about love, but as time goes by, he loses how to think, wait, and fast.Life became pain to him and he drank wine everyday to escape for a few moments from it.So after many years, he ran away from this life, leaving his only close friend Kamala and his son, who was born after Siddharthas departure. He comes back to the same river which a ferryman had once taken him across, when he was going to the large town for the first time.Siddhartha first thought of committing suicide, but he doesnt, and murmuring the holy Om, he had a long, wonderful sleep. When he awoke from his sleep, he saw Govinda in front of him.Siddhartha recognizes him in an instant, but because Siddhartha changed a lot, Govinda takes time to recognize him.After he does, Siddhartha talks that he was rich but now hes not.They separate for the second time. He meets the ferryman again.His name was Vasudeva and he was the person who said to Siddhartha that everything including Siddhartha will come back again to the river.Vasudeva was not a thinker, but was a great listener.Siddhartha decides to stay with him.He listened to the river with Vasudeva and learned a lot from it. One day, Kamala came to their hut, with Siddhartha..s son.She was bitten by a snake and soon dies from it.Siddhartha loved his son, but the son was unfriendly and sulky.He was accustomed to the life of the rich, and he didnt see Siddhartha as a father, so he ran away from them and went back to the large town.Siddhartha fells very sad about that, and his heart gets wounded by this, but from the river he learns how to heal the wound and how to feel no sorrow. .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .postImageUrl , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:hover , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:visited , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:active { border:0!important; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:active , .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9 .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6d284555e34b4a4c625ce9ed89e62ba9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Roald Dahl’s "A Lamb To The Slaughter" Comp. QuestionsSiddhartha kept on listening to the river with Vasudeva.He heard thousand of voices from the river.But one day, when he mastered the art of listening, he realizes that all of the voices were interwoven, interlocked, and entwined in a thousand ways.And that all the voices, goals, yearnings, sorrows, pleasures, good, and evil, all of them together was the world.Vasudeva said that he had waited for this time to come.He said goodbye to the hut, river, and Siddhartha, and disappeared into the forest, full of peace. After years, Govinda comes to the river again.He heard that there is an old ferryman whom many considered to be a sage.Although he was old, he still couldnt find complete peace in himself.Again, Siddhartha recognized him instantly, but because Siddhartha changed a lot, he couldnt recognize him till Siddhartha gave him a hint.Siddhartha says to him words is always one-sided, but the world itself is never one-sided.Because of that, nobody can learn from teaching.Things are never one-sided because there is no such thing as time.You cant divide the thing into past and future without time.He says that if you love everything, nothing can harm you. Govinda couldnt understand all of what Siddhartha said, but he realized that he was perfect, just like Buddha, who died many years ago.He asked one more advice that he can understand.Siddhartha asked him to kiss his forehead.When he did, he saw a thousand of different faces continuously streaming.He saw all these forms and faces in a thousand relationships to each other, all helping each other, loving, hating, and destroying each other and become newly born.When he came back to the real world, he saw on Siddharthas face, a perfect one smile.Govinda bowed low, right down to the ground with uncontrollable tears trickling down his face.The smile reminded him of everything that he had ever loved in his life, of everything that had ever been of value and holy in his life. There is a lot of things you can learn from Siddhartha, but I couldnt understand all of it.Although, one thing I did (or I think I did) understand is that to become your true self is a very important thing to do.It might look easy, but in fact its very difficult.If you are able to become your true self, it means that you can live a pure life.On the other hand, if you couldnt become your true self, you have to live a unpure life.That is definitely not a good thing. I first thought Siddhartha was stupid to be a merchant and be rich.Anyone can see that he doesnt belong in that world.But near the end of the story, he says that he had to experience those things to know perfection.From this, I thought experiencing things is very important too.Things that seems bad at one time, might turn out to be something good in the future. This is the summary and what I thought about Siddhartha.It doesnt have a lot of action, but it probably will help you sometime in your life by reading it.Try reading it!It probably more helpful then Godzilla.

Art critisim essays

Art critisim essays While attending the Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art I was fascinated by all the different styles, textures, and materials that where used to make art. But of all the extraordinary works of art on display perhaps one of the smaller pieces was the one that had the biggest impact on me. In this art criticism paper about Jackson Pollocks, Silver and Black Diptych, exhibited in the Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art, a description, interpretation and summary will help the reader understand and appreciate this 1950 work of art. This piece of art created by Jackson Pollock in 1950 is an oil paint and metal on a canvas. The artwork measures exactly 11 Â ½ x 17 inches. The white canvas is painted in Pollocks signature way of flinging, dribbling, and puddling the paint across the canvas. It seems that the piece (canvas) was painted as a whole but is now divided into two equal halves. Hints the title of the piece Silver and Black Diptych, diptych meaning two. Pollock often altered or trimmed his paintings to suite the image. The painting consists of silver and black as the two dominating colors. An extremely dark red and peach color is used sporadically throughout the canvas as well. Also a little orange and blue appear. A thin metal copper colored piece divides the artwork in half. The same material used to divide the artwork is also used as the frame or outer piece. The frame looks to be hand made to fit the canvas exactly. On the right side of the divider in the lower right hand corner is where the most pai nt is applied, mostly black and silver. Also located on the right side of the divider but in the upper right hand corner is an added piece of silver metal that is attached to the canvas. This metal piece is also painted mostly in silver. The paint applied in this work of art is very spread out, where as in some of Pollocks other paintings very little canvas is visible ...

Free Essays on Making Friends Isnt Easy

The process of making a friend is a very unique one. It depends on that person’s age, gender, and personality. Every individual is different and how they make friends differs just as much. The way I make friends depends heavily on my personality. As a timid person, I tend to first meet potential friends through family and other people. After the initial meeting, I interact with them to see what type of person they are and whether or not I think our personalities are compatible and if I think they would make a good friend. Before I can take a look at the sometimes mysterious process of becoming friends with someone, I have to reveal some personal information. I am a great believer in personality typing. I am a very introverted person. This does not mean I am anti-social, it merely means that new and non-routine interaction with others is unlikely. Initiating the process of making a new friend is a very difficult process. This is where the concept of forced interaction comes into play. By forced interaction, I mean a situation in which another person and I are placed in an environment where we have no choice but to interact with each other such as at school in class and through family. It is impossible to be completely separate from other students in a class. I met all my friends in school, it was a place where I spent most of my time. It would be extremely rude to not interact with someone that your friend or family considers a friend. That is the way that I met a very close friend of mine and one who I will use as an example of my friend-making process throughout this essay. Her name is Sheree and I originally met her through another my god sister, Erica. We were all attending the same high school, so it was just like Erica to try to have us all become friends. But I was not friends with Sheree when I first met her. I had to figure out what type of person she was before we could become friends. Evaluation ha... Free Essays on Making Friends Isn't Easy Free Essays on Making Friends Isn't Easy The process of making a friend is a very unique one. It depends on that person’s age, gender, and personality. Every individual is different and how they make friends differs just as much. The way I make friends depends heavily on my personality. As a timid person, I tend to first meet potential friends through family and other people. After the initial meeting, I interact with them to see what type of person they are and whether or not I think our personalities are compatible and if I think they would make a good friend. Before I can take a look at the sometimes mysterious process of becoming friends with someone, I have to reveal some personal information. I am a great believer in personality typing. I am a very introverted person. This does not mean I am anti-social, it merely means that new and non-routine interaction with others is unlikely. Initiating the process of making a new friend is a very difficult process. This is where the concept of forced interaction comes into play. By forced interaction, I mean a situation in which another person and I are placed in an environment where we have no choice but to interact with each other such as at school in class and through family. It is impossible to be completely separate from other students in a class. I met all my friends in school, it was a place where I spent most of my time. It would be extremely rude to not interact with someone that your friend or family considers a friend. That is the way that I met a very close friend of mine and one who I will use as an example of my friend-making process throughout this essay. Her name is Sheree and I originally met her through another my god sister, Erica. We were all attending the same high school, so it was just like Erica to try to have us all become friends. But I was not friends with Sheree when I first met her. I had to figure out what type of person she was before we could become friends. Evaluation ha...

Essay 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 8

2 - Essay Example supervisors are the individuals that control the workforce and functions of the organization through effective control, decision making and problem solving activities. Management of workers includes several responsibilities like conflict management within workers and sometimes with management. The supervisors have to think calmly and act positively always so that the organization’s operations always remain effective and the organization remains in the continuous improvement mode. The manager, if works tactfully can implement continuous learning as part of the organizational culture. Organizations at times need to undergo change and implementing change in organizations is a complex task. Pursuing employees towards organizational change can be achieved successfully if supervisors use their skills and abilities that come from their personal development. The procedural skills are also very important for managers and supervisors to implement so that they can financially manage the expenses, costs and revenues and can estimate the financial needs of organization along with ability to appraise the performance of each worker which is one of key responsibilities of supervisors. The learning and development program should include all elements that cover the above said responsibilities of managers. With the span of time each organization has to implement the change process and needs to upgrade systems, policies, working facilities and procedures so that organizations can compete in the market and we need to trained employees to be flexible towards change. Employees should be willing to improve their skills and adapt to organizational and development changes (Armstrong, 2008). Conflicts are part of daily routine, issues in corporate and modern business world cannot be avoided from organizations entirely but effective management of conflicts can resolve problems occurred and minimize the damage that could possibly occur. The employees and supervisors should be trained to

BMAN 71701 e-Business Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BMAN 71701 e-Business Coursework - Essay Example On the sell side threats, the company is faced with the issues of customer threats and entry of new business models (Chaffey 2011). Below is a brief discussion of these competitive threats and their respective levels on business performance. 1. Suppler threats To the glam media company, supplier threat is low and is not likely to influence the company’s performance in any way. Since most of the company has established a long term relationship with its suppliers around the globe. As the company largely deals on fashions, women styles and beauty, there are many willing and potential suppliers around the globe that are capable of giving them their demanded products (Plunkett 2009). Therefore since the company is fast growing and incorporating more and more products into their system, the issue of suppliers is a little threat and can only influence the company’s performance positively , helping it to rise to higher levels and seek new markets (Plunkett 2008). Similarly, the company has invested on agile and adaptable suppliers who are willing to change and transform with every bit of market change. Such companies can withstand technological advancements and can have long term effects on business performance. 2. New digital products threat New digital products is equal a low level treat to the glam media company. The company management has engaged in a series of innovative ideas that largely help the company advance with the technological changes and transformations in the market. The management of the company has ensured that they stay ahead of the market competition through the introduction of new products. Similarly, the company has engaged in a series of market research that enables it to discover the various customer need (Chaffey & Wood 2010). This technique has enabled them to stay firm and effective in the market. As well, the company has extended its services to many countries, and the website is already getting clicks from various parts of th e world. This is a sign that they have conquered the market and effectively penetrated deeper markets. To this extent the company enjoys a large global market share hence ensuring that they stay on top of the market in terms of quality and the most latest products in the market. 3. Threat of new entrants in the market This is a medium competitive threat. The glam media company has largely captured the market and is currently among the leading company in terms of women products and styles. One of the greatest tool that the company initially relied upon was proper market survey and bringing in exactly what people demand (Smith & Zook 2011). New entrants into the market are however a threat since a company may learn of their weaknesses and then use it against them. In addition, entry of new companies in the market may lead to emergence of new and more superior products that will out do theirs. This factor makes new entrants into the company a little threat. Relatively, new entrants int o the market may come up with similar products but different and more lucrative means of advertisement as well as distribution channels. Advertisements play a very major role in company development, thus it sets the basic threshold for competition. Therefore if a company

Distinguish between the public and private aspects of human sexuality Essay

Distinguish between the public and private aspects of human sexuality - Essay Example Naturally, sex is a mechanism through which human beings procreate and give rise to offsprings who continue the generation of human beings. Thus, human sexuality encapsulates activities that undergo in the body of a human being, their thoughts, and spirits. The paper herein thus provides a profound discussion about the distinction between public and private aspects of the human sexuality through incisive ideas and rational arguments. The interest in sexual intercourse in human beings normally develops when a person reaches puberty. However, the propensity to engage in sexual relations usually varies between people. Some scientists argue that genes or environmental factors cause the variation in sexual inclination. On the other hand, enthusiasts in the sexual relations discussion sphere maintain that some sexual activities are influenced by intuition or societal pressure. Nevertheless, the bottom-line is that people engage in sexual activities despite their various reasons. The discussion on this subject breeds contentious issues especially when it extends to distinguishing public and private aspects of the human sexuality (Botcherby and Creegan 6). The society has set standards to mark the difference between sexual relations that are considered public or private. The outcome has been the setting of legal boundaries and creation of moral standards that human beings are expected to adhere to when they engage in sexual relations (Scott and Harold 187). Human sexuality has been public by default especially for heterosexual people. Sexuality has culturally been the defining factor of a persons identity. The society has been the prime shaping agent in matters of human sexuality, rendering some private aspects of human sexuality public. In the past, some of the private aspects of human sexuality as defined by the forces of society were the different sexual orientations that people have. Naturally, human beings are

Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay

Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay This report is based on a Chief Executive Officer with unlimited budget to improve mental health services in London Borough of Ealing. The following neighbourhood study will focus on a proposal for change to improve services. It will focus on the changes necessary in the  services provided for Asian Women experiencing domestic violence with mental health issues. An understanding of social and cultural diversity will be discussed and their impact on healthcare. In addition, these issues will be compared to the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Domestic violence has come to the forefront as an important issue that affect many people in our society. DH, (2005) define domestic violence as any violence, abuse or threatening behaviour between current or former partners. It stipulate that any attempt to exercise control over an intimate partner or family members regardless of gender, sexuality constitutes domestic violence; the violence can include physical, psychological, sexual, financial and emotional abuse. Domestic violence can also include honour base violence, female genital mutilation and force marriages. According to Home Office, (2004), women are more likely to become victim of domestic violence than men; children are also affected and can be traumatised by the incidences they have seen. Research has shown that one in four women experience domestic violence over their lifetime and one in ten women experience it annually and 32% of children (Walby and Allen, 2004). Williamson, (2000) outlined that ethnic minority women are well known to be victims of domestic violence particularly Asians. However (DH, 2005) highlighted that the affects of domestic violence can result in women experiencing isolation, loss of job and income, low self esteem and self worth; It can lead to mental health issues in women causing the victims to suffer from mental health problems including, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, depression and self harm which could lead to suicide. Experience of domestic violence can also exacerbate an existing mental health condition. Womensaid, (2009) highlighted that a large number of women accessing mental health services have experienced domestic violence, and at least 20% of service users are still experiencing the abuse. It further suggests that 50% of Asian women who have attempted suicide or self harm are survivors of domestic violence. The London Borough of Ealing consists of 23 wards. It is the third largest borough in London with a population of 300,948 of which 151,200 of the residents are females and 22,200 are of Asian background (Neighbourhood statistics, 2006). When compared to Hammersmith and Fulham borough, they have a population of 165,242 Nationally Domestic Violent rate for Asian women. However, 58% of these women view themselves to be white British and only 25% declares to be Asians (Ealing Council, 2009) (appendix 1). The motivation for this proposed change is necessary as services for ethnic minority women experiencing domestic violence in various areas in the country are under-funded or non-existence (Williamson, 2000). Mainstreaming Gender and Womens Mental Health (DH, 2002) identify experiences of violence and abuse as a core theme in womens mental health difficulties. Todays mental health system manages diagnosis and accepts long-term disability consequently offering a label as an explanation for suffering instead of permitting service users to share their stories, experiences and their feelings. The level of domestic violence amongst women has increased significantly in Ealing Borough. Recent figures revealed that Ealing is the ninth highest borough for reporting domestic violence between April 2007 to January 2008 Ealing Council (2009). It was highlighted that 41% of reported cases were of white European whereas the second highest reported cases were from Asian background (see appendix 3). It was also suggested that domestic violence is the highest crime reported nationally to the police, and 89% of domestic violence victims are women (Ealing Council, 2009). The cost of domestic violence on the UK economy is enormous; recent figures reported to be  £23 billion annually for the UK and  £280 million for London Borough of Ealing respectively (Ealing Council, 2009). Furthermore, it is estimated that on average women are assaulted 35 times before they report to the police however; most women do not report and suffer in silence. This may be due to the psychological state known as battered women syndrome identified by (Walker, 2000) in which the victim feels powerless to change the situation. Baggot (2004) argued that ethnic minority groups are faced with poorer health conditions than the rest of the population; people from certain ethnic background may be denied timely access to healthcare or offered lower standards of care than the rest of the population. 55% of Ealings population is predominately ethnic minority groups. The total South Asian population in Ealing is 41% compared to 24.7% in the borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. This significant difference in ethnic profile has a key impact on the overall health of the community. According to Kandola Fullerton (1998), diversity is the difference in ethnic origin, religion and other factors which cause people to have different perspectives on the same set of facts or issues. The culture amongst Asian communities makes it difficult for married women to disclose that they are victims of domestic violence; breakdown of marriages is often seen as the womens fault hence they are likely to be rejected by family members and their community. It is culturally accepted that women should be abuse consequently becoming victims of domestic violence. Additionally, Some Asian women may be subject to immigration control. This can influence their decision to take action against their husbands because of deportation from the UK. Moreover, most of these women do not speak English and finds it difficult to communicate. Womens National Commission, (2009) report outlined that many of the victims are of insecure immigration status, having limited leave or no leave to remain within the country and are therefore subject to no recourse to public funds therefore are unable to obtain state benefits, hence limiting their access to services, social housing, legal advice and support. Ealing Council, (2009) report, emphasised that currently Ealing has only two organizations offering emergency accommodation services. These services are limited as there are only eighteen adult bed places, the places available for counselling and advocacy services do not have adequate staff to provide support to accommodate the number of victims identified by the Council. (WHO, (1997) cited in DH, (2006) states that violence against women is a public health issue which could be prevented. The Department of Health published a manual aimed at healthcare professionals in 2000 who contacted victims of domestic violence; the purpose was to focus on the need to treat vulnerable women with compassionate and holistic approach. These opinions were echoed by the participants of two surveys who identified the flaws in their treatment as being lack of advocacy and follow up interventions. An individuals ethnicity and cultural group remain useful points for understanding the motives behind domestic violence and the impact it has on their mental health. It can be argued that attending to the specific needs and conditions of Asian women by providing integrated culturally and gender-sensitive services highlights good practice. Hence, it becomes important that the individuals perceptions of self care are identified in the context of their culture. Addressing issues of domestic violence in relation to mental health, health inequalities and other social problems which lead most women to social disadvantages would be easily addressed. APPENDIX 1 The table below gives an indication of the different offences in the borough of Ealing and the UK National Average. Of the offences committed violence against the person is the highest in the borough. Ealing Council English Average Population 305,000 Households 121,000 Violence against the person 25.0 15.0 Sexual offences 1.0 0.9 Robbery offences 4.4 1.0 Burglary dwelling offences 9.1 4.3 Theft of a motor vehicle offences 3.4 2.3 Theft from a vehicle offences 11.6 6.3 Source: Ealing Council, (2009). APPENDIX 2 The diagram below gives an analytical breakdown of ethnicity for domestic violence victims in the Borough Ealing. It shows that 41% were of white European origin. The highest of all the ethnic groups as defined by police were those of Asian backgrounds at 28% and thirdly Afro-Caribbean groups with 22%.

Eulogy for Mother :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Mother The Cost Death is not too high a price to pay for having lived.   Mountains never die, nor do the seas or rocks or endless sky. Through countless centuries of time, they stay eternal, deathless.   Yet they never live! If choice were there, I would not hesitate to choose mortality.   Whatever Fate demanded in return for life I’d give, for never to have seen the fertile plains nor heard the winds nor felt the warm sun on sands beneath a salty sea, not touched the hands of those I love – without these, all the gains of timelessness would not be worth a day of living and of loving; come what may.† - Dorothy N. Monroe - It is hard to give a eulogy for one’s parent.   More than the death of a classmate or sibling, the death of a parent is not only a loss, but also a reminder that we are all following an inevitable path. We are all â€Å"Outrunning Our Shadow† as her friend Fred Hill so provocatively titled his book. As Dorothy N. Monroe’s poem, printed in your program, says:   â€Å"Death is not too high a price to pay for having lived." When my father died, I was too young to participate in a meaningful way, so at some level this is my eulogy for him, too. Mother was born on November 7, 1917 in Louisville.   Her mother was an unmarried 17-year-old and Mom was put up for adoption.   That may be a surprise to you.   It was a surprise to me when I learned about it as an adult. As an infant Mom was adopted by Clyde and Maude Johnson, who named her Doris Eileen. When Mom was about ten Clyde abandoned his family, and she and her mother moved in with Maude's sister in the Port Fulton neighborhood of Jeffersonville.   My Unc and Aunt Smith became Mom's surrogate parents, and she lived with them until she married.   A few years later Maude was institutionalized at Craigmont, where she lived for the rest of her life.   There is a third marker on the cemetery lot where Mom and Dad are buried for our Grandmother Maude Johnson. Mother never talked much about this or other aspects of her life.   Nor did she want to know the details of other’s lives.   She practiced â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell† long before it became a catch phrase.

Prenatal and Postpartum Scenario Essay

There is importance to providing a safe and healthy environment for your child to develop and grow, whether it be during gestation or the first few months of life. In this pamphlet we will discuss the activities that a pregnant or postpartum woman can do to positively affect their infants future development. There will be discussion as to why each activity is important and also how it will affect your Childs future development. The following activities are for pregnant women who want to positively affect their future Childs development. During the gestational period playing music has shown to be beneficial to a Childs development, studies show an enhancement in verbal skills, as well as spatial, and emotional skills (Ho, March). The next activity is frequently talking to your unborn child, this helps to build a bond and your baby will recognize your voice at birth. Engaging in belly massage throughout your pregnancy will assure your unborn child it is loved even before you are able to hold him or her in your arms. There is a way to get your partner involved to in this activity, having your partner massage your belly with oil will release pleasure hormones to your child, providing you with stress relief and relaxation. It is important to always be aware of stress levels while pregnant, stress hormones can make your child feel anxious. Engaging in activities such as prenatal yoga, meditation, or even relaxing in a warm bath can provide much needed relief from stress. (Black, Jan). The activities in this section are focused on postpartum period to positively affect your Childs future development. The first activity is skin to skin contact with your newborn. This will foster the bonding between you and your child. This helps the newborn to feel a sense of security and builds positive self esteem. This can also help to reduce pain from childbirth experience for new mothers (Berger, 2010). The next activity is simply talking and reading to your child everyday. This  activity will develop language skills through imitation of the sounds heard, it also helps to offer a larger vocabulary to your child. (Berger, 2010). Another great activity is giving your baby a massage. This will relax your baby which is especially helpful at bedtime. There are therapeutic reasons as well, it can reduce gas and colic making for a happy baby and mom. (Spehar & Frey, 2001). References Berger, K. (2010). Invitation to the Lifespan. New York, NY: Worth Publishers. Black, S. (January 17, 2001). Getting to Know You†¦:Tune into Your Swelling Belly to Give Your Baby a Head Start. Daily Record, 8. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/327648644 Ho, L. (March 31 2000). Unborn Thrive on Music. South China Morning Post, 4. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/265578863 Spehar, J., & Frey, R. (2001). Infant Massage. The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3(3.4), 2328-2331.

12 Hilarious ‘Billy Madison’ Quotes

12 Hilarious ‘Billy Madison’ Quotes If you are the kind who cannot tolerate Adam Sandlers over-the-top kind of comedy, stay off this one. Billy Madison is a signature Adam Sandler movie, complete with in-your-face ribald humor. He has the ability to be hilarious in an annoying sort of way. But if you enjoy  movies  that are high on  sexual innuendo, Billy Madison is the right movie for you. Unlike Jim Carrey, Sandler does not rely on goofy antics to draw an audience. He comes across as the funny guy caught between two raging seas. In Billy Madison, Adam Sandler redefines idiot as he portrays Billy Madison. Yet your heart goes out to him because you know that idiotic people are hardly malicious. Billy Madison is a favorite among the younger audience. Kids connect with this child-like adult, who knows and understands the challenges of being a kid.   Read these Billy Madison quotes to understand why kids find this  movie a laugh riot. Billys exaggerated behavior, the weird magazines he reads, and his other silly acts are very enjoyable. Adam Sandlers comic timing in this movie is undoubtedly one of his best. Chris Farley and Norm MacDonald add to the fun. Here are some memorable Billy Madison quotes. PrincipalMr. Madison, what youve just said is one of the most insanely idiotic things I have ever heard. At no point in your rambling, incoherent response were you even close to anything that could be considered a rational thought. Everyone in this room is now dumber for having listened to it. I award you no points, and may God have mercy on your soul.Billy MadisonBack to school. Back to school, to prove to Dad that Im not a fool. I got my lunch packed up, my boots tied tight, I hope I dont get in a fight. Oh! Back to school... back to school... back to school. Well, here goes nothing.​EricWell, sorry doesnt put the Triscuit crackers in my stomach now, does it Karl?Lunch LadyHave some more sloppy Joes. I made em extra sloppy for yous. I know how yous kids like em sloppy.Billy MadisonSometimes I feel like an idiot. But I am an idiot, so it kinda works out.JuanitaIf youre gonna stay home today, you can help me shave my armpits!Billy MadisonI am the smartest man alive!JuanitaOoh that boys a fine piece of work all right. Hes a fine piece of ass though, too.Old LadyWhat is a horseshoe? What does a horseshoe do? Are there any horse socks? Is anybody listening to me?Old Farm LadyIf peeing in your pants is cool, consider me Miles Davis.Brian MadisonYou were brought up with every advantage. I bought you everything. Toys, cars, vacations, clothes...FrankWhen I graduated from first grade, all my dad did was tell me to get a job.

Race for the Double Helix essays

Race for the Double Helix essays Deoxyribonucleic Acid, DNA for short, is a molecule that has been one of the biggest mysteries of modern science. What is its structure? Does it contain the genetic code and if it does how is it used? These are some of the questions that puzzled scientist in the early fifties. Many scientists tried to figure out DNA but only four came close to answering the questions. Those scientists were James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin. Rosalind Franklin had university degrees in chemistry, she got her undergraduate and graduate degrees from Cambridge University. During WW2, Franklin had made contributions to understanding the structure of graphite and other carbon compounds. After the war she joined the Laboratoire Centrale des Services Chimiques de l'Etat in Paris, where she was introduced to the technique of X-ray crystallography and became a respected scientist in this field. In 1951 she returned to England to King's College, London, where she upgraded the X-ray crystallography laboratory there to work with DNA. Franklin was responsible for much of the research and work that led to the discovery of the structure of DNA. Franklin died of cancer in 1958, at 37. Maurice Wilkins was born in New Zealand but studied to be a physicist at St. John's College, Cambridge. He worked during World War II on the improvement of cathode-ray tube screens for radar and helped the United States work on the Manhattan Project. He researched biophysics with his Cambridge mentor, John T. Randall; first at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland and then at King's College, London. It was Wilkins' idea to study DNA by using X-ray crystallographic, which he had already begun to use when Rosalind Franklin became a research associate for John Randall. The relationship between Wilkins and Franklin was not good which probably slowed their progress. In 1951, 23 year old James Watson, an American, got in to Cavendish Labora...

Case Study 1, Priority Plastics Inc Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

1, Priority Plastics Inc - Case Study Example As a result, there was disagreement between the employees and the managers. In the previous trading years, the Company produced higher than industry average turnover which resulted in been granted an enormous contract from automobile manufacturers to provide several molded components that are supposed to be used in the interior of new cars. This three years contract requires several employees to replace outgoing ones and fill vacancies in several departments. Apparently, the HR manager is expected to come up with job descriptions that are accompanied by qualification to avoid the reoccurrence of employees leave as a result of being compelled to work on projects that they are outside their assumed job description and produce effectively on the contract. Of importance to note is that the HR department has the responsibility of ensuring that every employee has a job description since it is a professional duty and it further ensures that work is done effectively. The following should be practiced: Since Priority Plastics, Inc is a small company, it will be expected that only the major positions will be considered for advertisement on the Monster.com. Nevertheless, it is worth noting since this is Product Company there might be a requirement for minor positions as such casual workers who might be require to work occasionally on the emerging tasks in the Company’s plants. In most cases, these minor positions do not require any advertisement (Priority Plastics Inc, 2014). In this profession, the individual is expected to be at the company’s plant /plants and not at the main office. As such every activity in the plantation should be under his /her

Paraphrase Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paraphrase - Article Example gement competencies are based upon two factors: (1) a process can never get managed properly if the developer is not familiar with it; and, (2) the develop should well understand the business and culture behind the project. The PMBOK Project Competencies Table, which lists 20 competencies, defines these points in detail. Out of these 20, 12 competencies come with business experience; 5 can be achieved through combining business experience with training; 2 can be achieved through training; while, 1 requires project experience. No competency needs IT know-how. Hence, the most significant pre-requisite is professional business experience. So, assuming business experience as the most important, and that the candidates’ qualifications and individual capabilities are alike, you would eliminate both the IT manager and the recent graduate as good candidates. Your recommendation should be to hire such an individual who has extensive business experience, which should be enhanced through training. He should be encouraged to lead smaller projects in order to get familiarized with the process, before handing him over the mission-critical project. The second priority recommendation is to go for a candidate who has both business and project management

Bipolar Disorder Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bipolar Disorder - Article Example The basis of this study is an association between the deregulation of HPA axis and BD diagnosis, present in all clinical cases of BD. A dysfunction of the HPA axis may be caused by an alteration the rate limiting step of cortisol metabolism. A mitochondrial membrane translocator protein (TSPO) is a key regulator in this pathway as it limits the translocation of cholesterol into the power house (Colasanti, Owen, & Grozeva, et al., 2013). An amino acid substitution polymorphism (rs 6971) in the gene encoding for this transporter protein greatly affects the affinity of TSPO to cholesterol. This altered affinity in the defective protein in turn impairs the metabolism of steroids including those of HPA axis. This study provides evidence of association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in the TSPO gene and the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in a large scale case control study (Colasanti, Owen, & Grozeva, et al., 2013). However, the results of this study are suggestive as the findings did not reach genome wise significance; though they were reproducible. This nominal association suggests the possible existence of o ther confounding factors in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder. A limitation of this study is in the use of imputation in the analysis for the rs6971 SNP in the TSPO gene. In conclusion, a bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by mood swings. There are several environmental and genetic etiologies to this condition, which can progress to severe forms such as psychosis. A study by Colasanti, Owen, and Grozeva, et al., suggests a possible genetically altered HPA axis function as a causative factor in BD. The genetic mutation in the mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) impairs the metabolism of neurosteroids, which in turn alters the HPA axis function (Colasanti, Owen, & Grozeva, et al., 2013). The deregulation in HPA axis has been reported in all BD cases suggesting a

Ethics and Abortion Essay Example for Free

Ethics and Abortion Essay Nicky was 18 when she started dating with James. They had unprotected premarital sex. After a few weeks, she found out that she was pregnant so she asked an advice from her doctor. She wasn’t ready for a baby yet. She still had her ambitions in life and she didn’t want to give up her social life. So she and James decided to abort the baby (Real Life: Abortion (Nickys Story), 2003). Yes, you read it right. In this time of one-night stands, premarital sex and unwanted pregnancies, abortion has become a common resort from responsibility. Abortion is the removal of an embryo or a POC (Product of Conception) from the uterus. Basically, there are two types of abortion: the spontaneous abortion and the induced abortion. Spontaneous abortion is the type that is caused by accident and/or by natural cases. It can also be caused by environmental factors. On the other hand, induced abortion is caused by human action. It is further categorized into therapeutic and elective. Therapeutic abortion is the act of removing the fetus from the uterus for reasons of safety and/or survival in the part of the mother, to preserve the mother’s health, to terminate pregnancy that would result in a child born with congenital disorders, and to selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health risks regarding multiple pregnancies. Meanwhile, elective abortion is the kind of abortion performed for any other reason. There are two different but parallel theories regarding abortion—the consequential theory and the deontology theory. The consequential theory believes that an act is morally right if and only if it contributes to the common good(Williams, 1973. ). It outrightly supports abortion—may it be therapeutic or elective. In therapeutic abortion, if the mother life is at risk in having the pregnancy, then the consequential theory allows for such action. If having a baby destroys a person’s future career, then abortion is okay. Consequential theory denies that moral rightness depends solely on the anything other than the consequences (B. Hooker, 2000). Nonetheless, what makes this morally wrong is not the abortion itself but the consequences it may bring to the mother such as emotional trauma. Consequential theory ignores all morally relevant factors to the consequences as opposed to whatever the circumstances there may be(Mill, 1861). However, deontology theory asserts otherwise. Deontological ethics or duty-based ethics does not consider an act as good or evil per se but classifies the action as it is being performed or on the process of performing devoid of prejudice or pre-established ethical principles. It judges morality by evaluating the nature of the actions and the will of the person involved rather than what is achieved(Kay, 1997). It is also known as nonconsequentialism. Deontological judgment depends on the object or original nature of the act. It typically involves two important elements, prerogatives and constraints. Prerogatives deny that one should always choose the option with optimistic consequences and constraints place limitations on the actions that the person may do in order to bring about his own personal good. Thus, from the deontological parlance, abortion, because it takes away life, upsets nature’s way of creation, and denies the natural capacity of a woman to give birth, is objectively and intentionally malicious, although it could be justified in extreme cases which would merit for an exception. These two theories, in essence are different but somehow, they are compatible with each other. They do not really contradict each other, rather, they are analogous. Analogous theories are truly and essentially different but necessarily contradictory with each other in principle but they could have similar effects or conclusion per application that is why they are analogouspartly the same, partly different. In the present society, most women view abortion consequentially. They justify abortion by consequences it may cause. Let’s take Nicky’s situation as an example. Nicky believes that the abortion of their baby is right mainly because it was not yet the right time for them to have a baby. If she were to continue with her pregnancy, what would have happened? She would have lived a miserable lifenot having a job or a career and tied down with a baby. What if her boyfriend James left her? Could she find another man who would readily accept her despite her past? There were lots of things to be consideredschool, financial stability, and emotional stability. These and a lot more questions ran through Nicky’s mind before she decided to go with the abortion. Obviously, it is not easy to try to confuse one’s conscience. But if we look at it closely, it is a matter of rights. Women’s rights. Everybody makes mistakes. Nicky did a mistake by engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse with her boyfriend. Nevertheless, continuing the pregnancy could also be a mistake. Abortion, when we look at its consequences, is not a mistake. According to the Women’s Rights, â€Å"women have the right to bodily integrity and autonomy†. Whether or not the woman decides to resort to abortion of the fetus inside her body, it is her right to decide on that. Aside from that, women also have the right to parenthood and marriage. Women who have committed abortion should not be discriminated by the society. True, it is not such a nice image but hey, women are humans. Women have rights—equal rights—and dignity(2006, Human Rights Watch).

Stress And How To Manage It Essays -- essays research papers

Stress and How To Manage It Everyone has stress, and we all have different stressors. Each person has their own way of coping with stress. some ignore their problems while others face them head on. There are four types of stressors and we all experience them at some point in our lives. One of these stressors is hassles. Hassles are a part of everyday life, but if they aren't coped with, they an cause major problems. One hassle in my life is me being constantly sick all of the time. Lately, I have had a lot of colds and flus's. Coughing, sneezing, and missing school can get really old. It is a hassle to blow my nose and take my pills all of the time. My being sick is a big hassle, but it is not really a high quality of stressor. Hassles can cause quite a bit of stress, but they are nothing compared to a catastrophe. Catastrophes are unpredictable events that can change your life permanently. The biggest catastrophe in my life was when my best friend, Dre, died. It was hard for me because I knew what was happening to him but there was nothing I could do about it. My parents didn't know about him so I couldn't turn to them. I couldn't turn to my boyfriend because he wouldn't understand or care. Dre was the one person I could always turn to, and when I lost him my life changed forever. The death of a loved one is usually considered a life change, but in my case it was much more drastic than that. My life change that has caused me a lot of stress would be my problems with my ...

Hiv Infection In Indonesia Health And Social Care Essay

Indonesia has among the fastest turning prevalence of people infected with HIV in Asiatic parts. However, the prevalence in Indonesia itself is still low: harmonizing to the Data and Information Centre from Indonesian Ministry of Health, around 0.2 per centum from the entire population. However, since Indonesia is the universe 4th most thickly settled state, this figure means that presently there are a sum of about 200.000 people populating with HIV in Indonesia ( UNAIDS, 2007 ) . From the informations in Indonesian Ministry of Health ( 2006 ) , we can besides see that 82 % of known people populating with HIV/AIDS is work forces and are concentrated within specific groups with specific behavior in the population: approximately 50.3 % of HIV infection instances are from shooting drug users, 40.3 % from unprotected heterosexual sex, while 4.2 % from unprotected homosexual sex. There are besides several surveies that show the HIV infections epidemic work forces who have sex with work forces communities in developing Asiatic states, including Indonesia ( Pisani et al. , 2004 ; Toole et al. , 2006 ; Wong, Zhang, Wu, Kong, & A ; Ling, 2006 ) . To reply with the HIV infections pandemic, the authorities, with the presidential edict figure 36/1994, established the National AIDS Commission. This committee were created to forestall and to take incorporate and co-ordinated, inter-sectoral actions against AIDS in Indonesia. This committee is headed by the Ministry of Welfare and besides with the coordination of other Ministries, such as Ministry of Health and Ministry of Internal Affairs ( Presiden Republik Indonesia, 1994 ) . It is aimed to forestall and to take actions against AIDS harmonizing to the current ordinances, in conformity with the planetary scheme set by the United Nations, and besides to increase community consciousness for AIDS and bettering the intersectoral, integrated and coordinated bar and actions against AIDS In 2003, another presidential edict was set up to better this committee. It stated that the committee actions are organizing steps in actions against AIDS, including bar, instruction, wellness service, surveillance, and control of AIDS, epidemiological observation on vulnerable populations at hazard of infecting HIV, wellness instruction, wellness run and regional and international cooperation in forestalling against AIDS ( Presiden Republik Indonesia, 2006 ) . 3. Is it bettering the status? The plan set up by the cardinal authorities, regional authorities, non governmental administration, and the support received from foreign givers in the signifier of HIV consciousness and bar plans throughout Indonesia have been bettering some of the state of affairs of HIV infection in Indonesia. A study on rubber usage in sex industry in Indonesia in 2004-2005 reported that 61 % of sex workers in whorehouses said that they had use a rubber in the last clip they sold sex. A prevalence of 57 % was found in sex workers who didnit work in a whorehouse. ( UNAIDS/WHO, 2008 ) . For shooting drug users, the plan is focused on cut downing the usage of non-sterile injecting equipment. In Jakarta and Medan, where plans such as these are making the injecting drug users, the study found out that more than 80 % of shooting drug users said that they ever used clean acerate leafs ( UNAIDS/WHO, 2008 ) . The injury decrease method, which has been set up as a theoretical account for Indonesian authorities to undertake the turning HIV infections from shooting drug users group in Indonesia, was established by the Sentani Commitment ( see Appendix ) , as an understanding between the National AIDS Commission and regional authoritiess ( National AIDS Commission, 2004 ) . While plans to forestall HIV infections in female sex workers and shooting drug users have been demoing some grade of success, another vulnerable populations is still hold lower precedence in AIDS bar plan. A study in 2004 mentioned HIV infection degrees of 2.5 % in work forces who have sex with work forces, 3.6 % among male sex workers, and 22 % on waria ( Indonesian term for transgender ) sex workers in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia. Almost of them are practising hazardous sexual behavior. It is stated that 65 % of the male sex workers and 53 % of work forces who have sex with work forces in Indonesia reported holding insecure anal sex with male spouses and besides 54 % of the male sex workers reported that they had sex with adult females in the anterior twelvemonth ( Pisani et al. , 2004 ) . However, when we look at the tendencies in the undermentioned figure, we can clearly see the increasing figure of new instances of HIV infection found in Indonesia until 2006. ( Pusat Data dan Informasi Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2006 ) Besides we have another graph demoing the theoretical account to foretell the figure of HIV infections in Jakarta, merely from the informations taken from one population: the shooting drug users. ( UNAIDS/WHO, 2008 ) From the above graph, we can see that the state of affairs in Indonesia is still far from bettering. In add-on, although the overall HIV infection prevalence in Indonesia is still low, if we look into the parts of Indonesia, we have a figure every bit high as 2.4 % as the grownup prevalence rate of HIV infection in the Papua state ( Pusat Data dan Informasi Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2006 ) . The Ministry of Health vision of Healthy Indonesia by the twelvemonth 2010, which set a end of 0.9 per centum of maximal prevalence in 2010 ( Menteri Kesehatan RI, 2003 ) in all parts of Indonesia, seems farfetched. In the undermentioned subdivision, we will discourse jobs in the execution of the policy for HIV bar in Indonesia. 4. Problem in plan of HIV bar Although the authorities already put up a committee accountable straight to the president, we can see that the job with HIV infections in Indonesia is still turning. In the undermentioned, I would wish to discourse several points why the policy against HIV in Indonesia is still unable to accomplish its end ( such as in the Healthy Indonesia by 2010 ) . There are 4 chief jobs that I would discourse, two related to the mark of the plan, in covering with the sexual transmittal of HIV infection, and besides transmittal in shooting drug users. The others two related to the decentralization procedure in Indonesia and on support. 4.1. Extensive sex web and geographical difference Sexual activity industry in Indonesia itself is extended even though their legality is questioned. A study on 1994-1995 found that there were 71,281 sex workers in Indonesia ( Endang, Ivan, Walter, Noni, & A ; et al. , 2002 ) , even though the existent figure should be higher. Prostitution is non allowed in Indonesia, and sex workers who were caught beging in the streets can be sent to a rehabilitation cantonment. Nonetheless, whorehouses are slightly recognized particularly in the large metropoliss: they are non illegal, there are no regulations sing this, the illegality of harlotry merely concern on those who sell sex on the street. Therefore the local authoritiess have regulated sex works in these whorehouses, supplying wellness installations and put certain restrictions. However, this ill-defined position for whorehouses can present a job for keeping sustainable wellness plan in forestalling HIV infections. The huge parts in Indonesia besides made an obstruction in the plan to forestall HIV infections. In most Indonesian states, such as in Java, Bali, Sumatra, and others, the common transmittal of HIV infections is through shooting drug users. However, in Papua state, we have a different transmittal form. Papua is equaling Jakarta in footings of HIV infections prevalence: a prevalence of 2.4 % for overall grownup HIV prevalence, and this could make to every bit high as 3.2 % in distant Highlandss of the Papua state ( UNAIDS/WHO, 2008 ) . In this part, unprotected sex is the chief manner of transmittal. Based on informations from the UNAIDS/WHO, thereis a high proportion of work forces engaged in bad sex, with 25 % reported that they had sex with non regular spouse ( over half of it were paid sex ) and 20 % had more than one sexual spouse. From this study we can besides see that the usage of rubber is uncommon. It is reported that merely 14 % who said that they use rubbers for paid sex, and even merely 3 % said that they had usage rubber every clip in old month. Another job with the Papua state is sexual force. It was mentioned that 12 % of adult females has experience sexual force, even from their domestic spouse. Therefore, to forestall increasing HIV infection in Papua, the chief co ncern is to supply better sex instruction and besides to advance and to administer rubber throughout Papua part. ( UNAIDS, 2007 ) 4.2. Harm decrease policy for shooting drug user Even though the term of injury decrease itself is still controversial, whether it is a wide term of steps embracing schemes of restricting supply and minimising injury, merely like in Australia, or merely purely merely a portion of the scheme to undertake drug maltreatment specifically to understate the injury of utilizing drug ( Ball, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Beyrer, Kumarasamy and Pizer ( 2005 ) , the jobs with the execution of harm decrease policy in Asia, including Indonesia, can be categorised into three classs. The first 1 is this policy is considered as a manner to state that it is wholly right to hold people who abuse drugs and that this behavior is merely an look from several people that tend to take hazards. The focal point of the injury decrease ( at least in the narrow definition ) so is to understate the injury from utilizing drugs irrespective whether the position of utilizing drug is right or incorrect or wherever the drug comes from, since it is the wellness sector itself would bear the brunt if HIV infections ( and besides Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infections ) spreads from shooting drug users. Whether drug dependence itself pose a serious wellness job to the community, where increasing drug user would besides means increasing figure of neurologic disablement and psychosocial job, would be tackled by the r estriction of supply of drugs, non by the injury decrease system. I think that if Asiatic states, particularly Indonesia, want to to the full implement harm decrease policy, both understating the supply and pull offing the injury of drug maltreatment should set into pattern. Therefore, the injury from bad pattern of shooting drug users ( for illustration needle sharing ) can be minimised while effects of drugs to single and society itself can besides be minimised through controlling/ cut downing supply of drugs in the black market. However, it is interesting to see in Iran, another Asiatic states with high Muslim population, merely like Indonesia, that the caput of Persian Judiciary declare, sing on this quandary between public wellness and drug control, after sing the Islamic rule of idoing no injury to oneself or othersi and ithe worst injury is eliminated by a lesser harmi , that the public wellness is more of import in commanding the spread of HIV infections ( as the worst injury ) instead than command on drug maltreatment ( which considered as a lesser injury ) ( Ball, 2007 ) . The 2nd obstruction of harm decrease policy, as in many Asiatic states, is the legal system ( Beyrer et al. , 2005 ) . The current legal system in Indonesia still considers that the maltreatment of drugs is illegal and can be punished. The job arise with this is that the harm decrease policy is normally set up several topographic points for shooting drug user to entree clean acerate leafs and besides topographic points to dispose them decently. Injecting drug users besides need topographic point for them to acquire some intervention, instruction, and referral. If puting up these topographic points can present a menace in the security of the community and besides put on the lining the injecting drug users being caught by the constabulary, there should be some via media between the rights of shooting drug users and besides the rights of community for security. Therefore if we want to put up a safe oasis for shooting drug users so that they can safely derive entree of clean acerate leaf s, intervention, instruction and referral, the supplier of such topographic point must be able to supply legal protection for their client from being arrested in that topographic points. Obviously we should merely set safe sphere for shooting drug users everyplace, but we must understand foremost where shooting drug users needed largely. Another facet of the legal system is related to the position of possessing injection equipment: eg syringe. Although in Indonesia it is non illegal to transport needle syringe, nevertheless, it is regulated under prescription merely. In several states, there are Torahs that prohibit people to possess injecting equipment, but finally experience from developed states shows that if this ordinance is abolished, it truly removes the pattern of needle sharing between shooting drug users while does non truly hold much consequence on the prevalence of new user ( Deany, 2000 ) . In add-on to that, if the legal system can work to suit the injury decrease system, the constabulary can besides move an of import portion in HIV bar among shooting drug users. Police so should mention drug users for intervention instead than imprison them. Finally, the last obstruction is on fiscal support and coverage of harm decrease plan. Other than supplying a safe topographic point for shooting drug users, a plan on harm decrease of drug maltreatment must supply a continued supply of clean acerate leafs. They besides need human resources to run the plan such as checkups and paramedics, counselors, and others. Possibly it is difficult to set some money from the budget merely to isatisfyi the demand ( or rights? ) of shooting drug users, nevertheless, this is needed to forestall farther job in public wellness. And this job in support will be discussed in the following subdivision. From this we can see that the job is much clear: whether the society accepts such behaviors and trades with the injury caused by it and whether the authorities is willing to carry on such plan. 4.3. Problem in regional execution In 2007, 23 provincial authoritiess reduced their HIV budget by a sum of 5.72 billion rupiahs, to be put toward the outgo of regional election, even though President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono called for an addition in the stateis budget for HIV/AIDS during a cabinet meeting in July. In Papua, for illustration, the provincial authorities allocated Rp 10 one million millions for its regional AIDS committee in 2007, but merely 1 per centum of the budget was realised. The authorities did non see HIV/AIDS a precedence because the figure of septic people remained little compared to patients of other diseases. In December 2007 the Ministry of Health recorded 6,066 people with HIV and 11,141 with AIDS. The National AIDS Commission said it needs more than Rp 1.5 trillion in 2008 to cover with the virus, which most of the budget would be spent on bar plans, but the cardinal authorities has promised to supply Rp 1 trillion merely. The committee estimated the figure of people with HIV/AIDS would make 400,000 in 2010 and one million in 2015 across the state. ( The Jakarta Post, 2008 ) . 4.4. Problem on support and sustainibility In relation to the old treatment on regional execution of the policy, we can see that it was expected for the regional authorities to increase their disbursement on publicities against HIV infections. This is because Indonesia is still depending on foreign givers to undertake the issue of HIV infections. Foreign givers provide up to 70 per centum of financess to forestall HIV infections in Indonesia ( Pathoni, 2008 ) . However, givers such as the United States and Australia are expected to diminish AIDS-related aid partially because they now consider Indonesia a middle-income state. This means that plans on HIV bar in Indonesia should stress on sustainability. We shall look at one illustration: the Aksi Stop AIDS plan. The Aksi Stop AIDS plan is a plan of HIV bar where USAID, in cooperation with the Family Health International and working together with the authorities of Indonesia through the National Commission of AIDS ( Family Health International, 2007 ) . This plan is aimed to cut down incidence of STI/HIV/AIDS in most-at-risk groups ( MARGs ) thereby assisting to forestall a generalize epidemic and decreased incidence of STI/HIV/AIDS within the general population of Papua ( Family Health International, 2007, p. 5 ) . The plan itself were late came to an terminal in September 2008, where it was expected that we have ( Family Health International, 2007, p. 5 ) : i Increased coverage of most-at-risk groups with trim intercessions and improved utilizations of hazard decrease behaviors, patterns, and entree to and usage of services ; and i Increased ability of implementing bureaus to on a regular basis supervise, evaluate and better plan public presentation, therefore accomplishing expanded coverage. We can see that from this illustration that sustainability of the plan is really of import. After the plan ended, and we have the end product of improved implementing bureaus in HIV bar, therefore we can anticipate the result is the continuity of the HIV bar plan. 5. Decision In decision, we can see that although Indonesian policy on HIV bar is already set, they have to cover some of the issues which are different from other states: the extended sexual web, the geographical difference in HIV infection prevalence and chief method of transmittal, jobs in implementing the harm decrease policy for shooting drug user, jobs arose with decentralization, where regional authoritiess donit prioritise HIV bars, and besides the job with support and sustainability. In covering with the increasing figure if HIV infections in Indonesia, therefore we need to develop a better scheme which turn toing these issues.

The National Origins Act of 1924

The National Origins Act of 1924 was a law that restricted the number of immigrants allowed to enter the U.S. by establishing a system of national quotas that blatantly discriminated against immigrants. The Immigrants that was restricted were from southern and eastern Europe and which then virtually excluded Asians. The policy stayed in effect until the 1960s. The National Origins Act established a system of immigration, which required immigrants to have a visa issued by an American consular officer abroad before immigrating to the United States. It completely changed the patterns of immigration throughout the twentieth century. This measure sharply reduced immigration to America, and especially targeted those from southern and eastern Europe. Which it did not affect America per say, really affected people from Europe who wanted to migrate to the United States. The 1965 Immigration Act is the foundation of America's current legal immigration system. It abolished the Immigration Act of 1924 that had been in place in the United States since 1924. Overriding past quota systems that heavily favored Europeans. It was the act declared that no person shall receive any preference or priority or be discriminated against in the issuance of an immigrant visa because of the person's race, sex, nationality, place of birth or place of their residence. The Act based on reuniting immigrant families and attracting skilled labor to the United States. They are coming from a range of countries and cultures and are transforming cities, suburbs, and rural areas and are affecting schools, religions, politics, and health care. A higher proportion now already have professional skills and college degrees. Part 2: Labor Immigrants Labor Immigrants are immigrants that come to the United States undocumented, not all of them are undocumented but many come to America undocumented. Many of them are EWI's, visa abusers, and some come over as temporary workers. Some who are undocumented, they may have regularized status. Labor Immigrants often come to America from poorer countries. Immigrants come through family reunification or as refugees. They are drawn by the lure of higher wages in the United States from their country. Often in other foreign countries, they're pay scales do not compare as the United States pay scale. That's why often foreigners come  over to America to work in order to provide for their families due to better pay. Labor Immigrants occupation consists of agriculture, construction, garment and   omestic. Compared to both the native and overall foreign-born worker population, Mexican and Central American workers are less likely to be employed in professional and related industries. They are more likely to be employed in the construction and non-durable goods manufacturing industries. Often times, labor immigrants live in small apartments complex's or in small homes which a Lot of immigrants will live together and help to pay rent. Typically, Immigrants will live in cities or nearby than versus living out in rural areas. Many do receive some aid in housing by the federal government because they are given visa's to work in America. The biggest problem many show is speaking English, because they haven't learned English. So a few speak enough English to get by or often I seen many of times, is that they have a friend that speaks English pretty decent and then tells them what to do in their language in order to complete task. Part 2 continued: Professional Immigrants Professional Immigrants are highly trained individuals who move to fill an economic niche in a middle-class profession often marked by shortages in the receiving country. The United States Immigration policy encourages this type of immigration. Therefore, most in this category come illegally in the United States. Many immigrants find too few professional  opportunities in their home countries so that's why they come to America to work. Most of the professional immigrants have college degrees or either some-sort of degree in a trade to obtain knowledge or in order to work for companies. They are very hard workers in this field.  Often enter at the bottom of their fields in the United States which refers to brain drain. You see many professional immigrants working in construction such as working on building new omes. Many of these immigrants go to school to learn that type of trade or even companies will hire them and train them as they progress. I will hear when some companies will even pay for their schooling in order to move them up in ranks. Often professional immigrants live in small apartments complex's or in small homes which a Lot of immigrants will live together and help to pay rent. They will also live with their  families in a house while the husband goes to work and the wife stays home and takes care of their children if they have any. Typically, Immigrants will live in cities or nearby than versus living out in rural areas. Yet again, the biggest problem many show is speaking English, because they haven't learned English. So a few speak enough English to get by or often I seen many of times, is that they have a friend that speaks English pretty decent and then tells them what to do in their language in order to complete task. Part 3: I chose the documentary film, In â€Å"Dollars and Dreams: West Africans in New York†, the immigrants all start in the same place but they all ended up going in many different directions. From dishwashers, to house builders, to construction workers, and to entrepreneurs making millions. The location of New York fulfilled the expectations of some immigrants because of many different jobs, but some did not feel that way. The America dream is hard to achieve and a lot of hard work to achieve what you want in life which several of these immigrants did. I definitely agree in hard work because I think you can achieve greatness through hard work. In the podcast â€Å"This America Life: Immigration† the narrator discusses how Mexican immigrants revolutionized/evolved the chicken industry in the south in the United States. More importantly in a small town in Albertville located in Alabama. Soon after, Mexican immigrants started to funnel in and take positions in the factory from other workers who had worked there for years. Therefore, it would cause conflict amongst workers inside the work place. One of the black workers said for the first time he had felt unified working with the white workers to fight against this issue. The other workers felt that Mexicans were taking their positions because they were harder workers and fearing being fired unlike the white people. This particular podcast did very well in showing both sides of the argument. This helped me to understand not only the views on what I heard about Mexicans taking America jobs, but also showed how the Mexicans revolutionized this industry to benefit themselves and as well as their families. I Totally agree with Mexicans/ foreigners being hard workers because my dad is real estate appraiser and I will go with him while he does his work. I would just sit in the truck sometimes and watch them work and they do work very hard and very long days versus a white worker. Lastly, I chose â€Å"Maeve in America: children of Immigrants, Listen to your Parents† explores case by case of examples how immigrants children share several similarities in how they were raised as a child by their parents. The children experienced parents who lacked to share culture and thus redistricted their children from developing. For example, an Indian parent did want their child to participate in going over friend's house in spending a night over a friend's house. Hearing these stories about how the immigrant parents helped me connect what I learned in class to what actually happens in today's society and what actually really goes on. It just made me sit back and think that I'm really grateful for what I have in my life and what I have learned so far.

Aroma Compounds and Their Odors

Aroma Compounds and Their Odors An odor or odour is a volatile chemical compound that humans and other animals perceive via the sense of smell or olfaction. Odors are also known as aromas or fragrances and (if they are unpleasant) as reeks, stenches, and stinks. The type of molecule that produces an odor is called an aroma compound or an odorant. These compounds are small, with molecular weights less than 300 Daltons, and are readily dispersed in the air due to their high vapor pressure. The sense of smell can detect odors are extremely low concentrations. How Odor Works Organisms that have a sense of smell detect molecules by special sensory neurons called olfactory receptor (OR) cells. In humans, these cells are clustered at the back of the nasal cavity. Each sensory neuron has cilia that extend into the air. On the cilia, there are receptor proteins that bind to aroma compounds. When binding occurs, the chemical stimulus initiates  an electric signal in the neuron, which transmits the information to the olfactory nerve, which carries the signal to the olfactory bulb in the brain. The olfactory bulb is part of the limbic system, which is also associated with emotions. A person may recognize an odor and relate it to an emotional experience, yet might be unable to identify the specific components of a scent. This is because the brain doesnt interpret single compounds or their relative concentrations, but the mix of compounds as a whole. Researchers estimate humans can distinguish between 10,000 and one trillion different odors. There is a threshold limit for odor detection. A certain number of molecules need to bind olfactory receptors to stimulate a signal. A single aroma compound may be capable of binding to any of several different receptors. The transmembrane receptor proteins are metalloproteins, probably involving copper, zinc, and perhaps manganese ions. Aromatic Versus Aroma In organic chemistry, aromatic compounds are those that consist of a planar ring-shaped or cyclic molecule. Most resemble benzene in structure. While many aromatic compounds do have an aroma, the word aromatic refers to a specific class of organic compounds in chemistry, not to molecules with scents. Technically, aroma compounds  include volatile inorganic compounds with low molecular weights that can bind olfactory receptors. For example, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an inorganic compound that has a distinctive rotten egg scent. Elemental chlorine gas (Cl2) has an acrid smell. Ammonia (NH3) is another inorganic odorant. Aroma Compounds by Organic Structure Organic odorants fall into several categories, including esters, terpenes, amines, aromatics, aldehydes, alcohols, thiols, ketones, and lactones. Here is a list of some important aroma compounds. Some occur naturally, while others are synthetic: Odor Natural Source Esters geranyl acetate rose, fruity flowers, rose fructone apple methyl butyrate fruits, pineapple, apple pineapple ethyl acetate sweet solvent wine isoamyl acetate fruity, pear, banana banana benzyl acetate fruity, strawberry strawberry Terpenes geraniol floral, rose lemon, geranium citral lemon lemongrass citronellol lemon rose geranium, lemongrass linalool floral, lavender lavender, coriander, sweet basil limonene orange lemon, orange camphor camphor camphor laurel carvone caraway or spearmint dill, caraway, spearmint eucalyptol eucalyptus eucalyptus Amines trimethylamine fishy putrescine rotting meat rotting meat cadaverine rotting meat rotting meat indole feces feces, jasmine skatole feces feces, orange blossoms Alcohol menthol menthol mint species Aldehydes hexanal grassy isovaleraldehyde nutty, cocoa Aromatics eugenol clove clove cinnamaldehyde cinnamon cinnamon, cassia benzaldehyde almond bitter almond vanillin vanilla vanilla thymol thyme thyme Thiols benzyl mercaptan garlic allyl thiol garlic (methylthio)methanethiol mouse urine ethyl-mercaptan the smell added to propane Lactones gamma-nonalactone coconut gamma-decalactone peach Ketones 6-acetyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine fresh bread oct-1-en-3-one metallic, blood 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline jasmine rice Others 2,4,6-trichloroanisole the scent of cork taint diacetyl butter scent/flavor methyl phosphine metallic garlic Among the smelliest of the odorants are methyl phosphine and dimethyl phosphine, which can be detected in extremely low amounts. The human nose is so sensitive to thioacetone that  it can be smelled within seconds if a container of it is opened hundreds of meters away. The sense of smell filters out constant odors, so a person becomes unaware of them after continuous exposure. However, hydrogen sulfide deadens the sense of smell. Initially, it produces a strong rotten egg smell, but binding of the molecule to odor receptors prevents them from receiving additional signals. In the case of this particular chemical, the loss of sensation can be deadly, as it is extremely toxic. Aroma Compound Uses Odorants are used to make perfumes, to add odor to toxic, odorless compounds (e.g., natural gas), to enhance the flavor of food, and to mask undesirable scents. From an evolutionary standpoint, a scent is involved in mate selection, identifying safe/unsafe food, and forming memories. According to Yamazaki et al., mammals preferentially select mates with a different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) from their own. MHC can be detected via scent. Studies in humans support this connection, noting its also affected by the use of oral contraceptives. Aroma Compound Safety Whether an odorant occurs naturally or is produced synthetically, it may be unsafe, especially in high concentrations. Many fragrances are potent allergens. The chemical composition of fragrances is not regulated the same from one country to another. In the United States, fragrances in use before the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 were grandfathered in for use in products. New aroma molecules are subject to review and testing, under the oversight of the EPA. Reference Yamazaki K, Beauchamp GK, Singer A, Bard J, Boyse EA (February 1999). Odortypes: their origin and composition.​ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (4): 1522–5.Wedekind C, Fà ¼ri S (October 1997). Body odour preferences in men and women: do they aim for specific MHC combinations or simply heterozygosity?. Proc. Biol. Sci. 264 (1387): 1471–9.

We are all heroes essays

We are all heroes essays Nowadays the concept of hero is in no argument weather that they should be alive or not, young or old, poor or rich. There are many institutions that recognized individuals and are branded as heroes. But becoming a hero is not only for the chosen one, not for those who only passed the standards set by human. We are all heroes in our own endeavor no matter how little the good we do. Let us first identify the hero in our society. For I believe that amidst the stress we are experiencing, still there are heroes. Philippines is now confronted with immense economic problem. Philippine oil distributors monopolized and engulf our economy with their sustained price hikes. Thus putting a domino effect in our societies basic commodities. Fiscal crises also worsen our economic situation. Now even a single peso could not buy you cigarette. Where and who are the heroes? The rich who can donate in Donasyon ng bayan by House speaker Jose De Venecia? Perhaps yes! As long as their intentions are sincere to help build the economy. The amounts are just material things that we always look upon. The deed is much to be value and be off by intrigues. Inspite of the economic difficulties, looking on the other side of the coin we could find another hero, the masa. I am one of them and becoming a hero is being able to endure and sacrifice for family. Masa are heroes for we continuously assert and take initiative for the improvement of ones life. Though efforts are little, as other would see, still a heroic deed. We are all heroes in our own endeavor it need not to be broadcast nor given a medal just to become one. Philippine is nevertheless trying to become more competitive when it comes to education. Every now and then the curriculum are being evaluated and changes are administered. On the other hand, more children and youths are seemly out of school inspite of the governments effort in educating them. Som...